Integral techno-economic comparison and greenhouse gas balances of different production routes of aromatics from biomass with CO2 capture

The techno-economic performance and CO2 equivalent (CO2eq) reduction potential of bio-based aromatic production cases with without capture storage (CCS) have been evaluated compared to those fossil-based production. bio-cases include tail gas reactive pyrolysis (TGRP), catalytic (CP), hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), gasification-methanol-aromatics (GMA), Diels-Alder furan/furfural combined lignin (FFCA). crude oil-based naphtha reforming (NACR) routes GHG emissions 43.4 43.9 t CO2eq/t aromatics CCS (NACR-CCS), respectively. Except for HTL, all the biomass show negative between −6.1 −1.1 avoidance costs ranging from 27.7 93.3 $/t CO2eq. Under favorable conditions, GMA (GMA-CCS) has lowest (−14.6 aromatics), while CP (CP-CCS) shows cost (12.3 CO2eq). All based techniques are currently at laboratory or demonstration stages, except CP, which pilot plants. results indicate that production, their reasonable low, potentially negative, greenhouse (GHG) emissions, an attractive option compensate expected shortages in coming decades.